SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model | #ai #2025 #genai #google
Description
Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.17161
This research paper compares supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement learning (RL) for post-training foundation models. Using novel and existing tasks involving arithmetic and spatial reasoning, the study finds that RL promotes better generalization to unseen data, unlike SFT which tends to memorize training data. Further analysis reveals RL enhances visual recognition capabilities in multimodal models, while SFT aids in stabilizing RL training by improving output formatting. The paper also explores the impact of increased inference-time computation on generalization.
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